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wool drawn

  • 1 Blending Wool (Modern System)

    A method of blending which is now greatly favoured, is performed by the introduction of air trunk conveyers. The improvement in method consists not only in the ease with which the blending is made, but in the better mixing and opening of the several elements of the blend, due to the action of the fans and air currents. Each element is fed separately through an opener, from which it is drawn by a fan and blown through an air trunk, provided with one or more openings over the mixing floor. Falling from the trunk the material is spread layer by layer as described above. This blending is then broken down and put through a combined hopper-fed willey and teazer, by which the blending is conveyed by an air trunk conveyer to bags, or is again spread on the mixing floor if it is- necessary to introduce a third element and make a more complicated blend.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Blending Wool (Modern System)

  • 2 traho

    trăho, xi, ctum, 3 ( inf. perf. sync. traxe, Verg. A. 5, 786), v. a. [cf. Sanscr. trankh, trakh, to move; Gr. trechô, to run], to draw, drag, or haul, to drag along; to draw off, forth, or away, etc. (syn.: tracto, rapio, rapto, duco).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    Amphitruonem collo,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 72:

    cum a custodibus in fugā trinis catenis vinctus traheretur,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 53:

    trahebatur passis Priameïa virgo Crinibus a templo Cassandra,

    Verg. A. 2, 403:

    corpus tractum et laniatum abjecit in mare,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5:

    materiam (malagmata),

    Cels. 4, 7:

    bilem,

    Plin. 25, 5, 22, § 54:

    vapor porro trahit aëra secum,

    Lucr. 3, 233:

    limum harenamque et saxa ingentia fluctus trahunt,

    Sall. J. 78, 3: Charybdis naves ad litora trahit, id. Fragm. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 3, 425; cf.:

    Scyllam naves in saxa trahentem, Verg. l. l.: (haematiten) trahere in se argentum, aes, ferrum,

    Plin. 36, 20, 38, § 146: Gy. Amiculum hoc sustolle saltem. Si. Sine trahi, cum egomet trahor, let it drag or trail, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 117; cf.:

    tragula ab eo, quod trahitur per terram,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 139 Müll.:

    sarcinas,

    Sen. Ep. 44, 6:

    vestem per pulpita,

    Hor. A. P. 215:

    plaustra per altos montes cervice (boves),

    Verg. G. 3, 536:

    siccas machinae carinas,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 2:

    genua aegra,

    Verg. A. 5, 468:

    trahantur per me pedibus omnes rei,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 32, 2; cf.:

    aliquem ad praetorem,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 45:

    praecipitem in pistrinum,

    id. Ps. 1, 5, 79:

    Hectorem circum sua Pergama,

    to drag, trail, Ov. M. 12, 591. —

    Of a train of soldiers, attendants, etc.: Scipio gravem jam spoliis multarum urbium exercitum trahens,

    Liv. 30, 9, 10:

    ingentem secum occurrentium prosequentiumque trahentes turbam,

    id. 45, 2, 3; 6, 3, 4; cf.:

    sacra manu victosque deos parvumque nepotem Ipse trahit,

    Verg. A. 2, 321:

    secum legionem,

    Val. Max. 3, 2, 20:

    feminae pleraeque parvos trahentes liberos, ibant,

    Curt. 3, 13, 12; 5, 5, 15:

    uxor, quam comitem trahebat,

    id. 8, 3, 2:

    folium secum,

    Val. Max. 4, 3, 12:

    cum privato comitatu quem semper secum trahere moris fuit,

    Vell. 2, 40, 3:

    magnam manum Thracum secum,

    id. 2, 112, 4.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To draw out, pull out, extract, withdraw:

    trahens haerentia viscere tela,

    drawing out, extracting, Ov. M. 6, 290:

    ferrum e vulnere,

    id. ib. 4, 120:

    e corpore ferrum,

    id. F. 5, 399:

    de corpore telum,

    id. M. 5, 95; cf.:

    gladium de visceribus,

    Mart. 1, 14, 2:

    manu lignum,

    Ov. M. 12, 371; cf.:

    te quoque, Luna, traho (i. e. de caelo),

    draw down, id. ib. 7, 207:

    captum Jovem Caelo trahit,

    Sen. Oct. 810. —
    2.
    To draw together, bring together, contract, wrinkle:

    at coria et carnem trahit et conducit in unum,

    Lucr. 6, 968:

    in manibus vero nervi trahere,

    id. 6, 1190:

    vultum rugasque coëgit,

    Ov. Am. 2, 2, 33.—
    3.
    Of fluids, etc., to draw in, take in, quaff; draw, draw up: si pocula arente fauce traxerim, had drawn in, i. e. quaffed, Hor. Epod. 14, 4; cf. Ov. M. 15, 330:

    aquas,

    Luc. 7, 822:

    venena ore,

    id. 9, 934:

    ubera,

    id. 3, 351 al.:

    ex puteis jugibus aquam calidam trahi (videmus),

    Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 25: navigium aquam trahit, draws or lets in water, leaks, Sen. Ira, 2, 10, 5; cf.:

    sanguinem jumento de cervice,

    to draw, let, Veg. Vet. 3, 43.—Of smelling:

    odorem naribus,

    Phaedr. 3, 1, 4.—Of drawing in the breath, inhaling:

    auras ore,

    Ov. M. 2, 230:

    animam,

    Plin. 11, 3, 2, § 6; cf.:

    Servilius exiguā in spe trahebat animam,

    Liv. 3, 6, 8:

    spiritum,

    to draw breath, Col. 6, 9, 3; Sen. Ira, 3, 43, 4; Cels. 4, 4; Curt. 3, 6, 10: spiritum extremum, [p. 1886] Phaedr. 1, 21, 4:

    penitus suspiria,

    to heave sighs, to sigh, Ov. M. 2, 753:

    vocem imo a pectore,

    Verg. A. 1, 371.—
    4.
    To take on, assume, acquire, get:

    Iris Mille trahens varios adverso sole colores,

    Verg. A. 4, 701:

    squamam cutis durata trahebat,

    Ov. M. 3, 675:

    colorem,

    id. ib. 2, 236;

    14, 393: ruborem,

    id. ib. 3, 482;

    10, 595: calorem,

    id. ib. 11, 305:

    lapidis figuram,

    id. ib. 3, 399:

    maturitatem,

    Col. 1, 6, 20:

    sucum,

    id. 11, 3, 60:

    robiginem,

    Plin. 36, 18, 30, § 136. —
    5.
    To drag away violently, to carry off, plunder, = agein kai pherein:

    cetera rape, trahe,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 12:

    rapere omnes, trahere,

    Sall. C. 11, 4:

    quibus non humana ulla neque divina obstant, quin... in opes potentisque trahant exscindant,

    id. H. 4, 61, 17 Dietsch:

    sibi quisque ducere, trahere, rapere,

    id. J. 41, 5:

    de aliquo trahere spolia,

    Cic. Balb. 23, 54:

    praedam ex agris,

    Liv. 25, 14, 11:

    tantum jam praedae hostes trahere, ut, etc.,

    id. 10, 20, 3; cf.:

    pastor cum traheret per freta navibus Idaeis Helenen,

    Hor. C. 1, 15, 1.—
    6.
    Trahere pecuniam (for distrahere), to make away with, to dissipate, squander:

    omnibus modis pecuniam trahunt, vexant,

    Sall. C. 20, 12.—
    7.
    Of drugs, etc., to purge, rcmove, clear away:

    bilem ex alvo,

    Plin. 25, 5, 22, § 54; 26, 8, 42, § 69:

    pituitam,

    id. 21, 23, 94, § 166:

    cruditates, pituitas, bilem,

    id. 32, 9, 31, § 95.—
    8.
    Trahere lanam, vellera, etc., to draw out lengthwise, i. e. to spin, manufacture: manibus trahere lanam, Varr. ap. Non. 545, 12:

    lanam,

    Juv. 2, 54:

    vellera digitis,

    Ov. M. 14, 265:

    data pensa,

    id. ib. 13, 511; id. H. 3, 75:

    Laconicas purpuras,

    Hor. C. 2, 18, 8.—
    II.
    Trop.,
    A.
    In gen.
    1.
    To draw, draw along; to attract, allure, influence, etc.:

    trahimur omnes studio laudis et optimus quisque maxime gloriā ducitur,

    Cic. Arch. 11, 26; cf.:

    omnes trahimur et ducimur ad cognitionis et scientiae cupiditatem,

    id. Off. 1, 6, 18:

    allicere delectatione et viribus trahere,

    Quint. 5, 14, 29:

    trahit sua quemque voluptas,

    Verg. E. 2, 65: aliquem in aliam partem, to bring or gain over, Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 2; so,

    Drusum in partes,

    Tac. A. 4, 60:

    civitatem ad regem,

    Liv. 42, 44, 3:

    aliquem in suam sententiam,

    id. 5, 25, 1; cf.

    also: rem ad Poenos,

    id. 24, 2, 8; 23, 8, 2:

    res ad Philippum,

    id. 32, 19, 2:

    ni ea res longius nos ab incepto traheret,

    draw off, divert, Sall. C. 7, 7.—
    2.
    To drag, lead, bring:

    plures secum in eandem calamitatem,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

    Lucanos ad defectionem,

    Liv. 25, 16, 6:

    quo fata trahunt retrahuntque, sequamur,

    Verg. A. 5, 709: ducunt volentem fata, nolentem trahunt, Cleanth. ap. Sen. Ep. 107, 11.—
    3.
    To draw to, i. e. appropriate, refer, ascribe, set down to, etc.:

    atque egomet me adeo cum illis una ibidem traho,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 166: St. Quid quod dedisti scortis? Le. Ibidem una traho, id. ib. 2, 4, 10:

    hi numero avium regnum trahebant,

    drew to their side, laid claim to, claimed, Liv. 1, 7, 1; cf.:

    qui captae decus Nolae ad consulem trahunt,

    id. 9, 28, 6:

    omnia non bene consulta in virtutem trahebantur,

    were set down to, referred, attributed, Sall. J. 92, 2:

    ornatum ipsius (ducis) in superbiam,

    Tac. H. 2, 20:

    cuncta Germanici in deterius,

    id. A. 1, 62 fin.:

    fortuita ad culpam,

    id. ib. 4, 64:

    id ad clementiam,

    id. ib. 12, 52; cf.:

    aliquid in religionem,

    Liv. 5, 23, 6:

    cur abstinuerit spectaculo ipse, varie trahebant,

    Tac. A. 1, 76 fin.:

    in se crimen,

    Ov. M. 10, 68:

    spinas Traxit in exemplum,

    adopted, id. ib. 8, 245. —
    4.
    To drag, distract, etc.:

    quae meum animum divorse trahunt,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 25:

    trahi in aliam partem mente atque animo,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 21:

    Vologeses diversas ad curas trahebatur,

    Tac. A. 15, 1.—
    5.
    To weigh, ponder, consider:

    belli atque pacis rationes trahere,

    Sall. J. 97, 2; cf. id. ib. 84, 4: trahere consilium, to form a decision or determination, id. ib. 98, 3.—
    6.
    To get, obtain, derive: qui majorem ex pernicie et peste rei publicae molestiam traxerit, who has derived, i. e. has received, suffered, Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 1:

    qui cognomen ex contumeliā traxerit,

    id. Phil. 3, 6, 16:

    nomen e causis,

    Plin. 15, 14, 15, § 51:

    inde nomen,

    id. 36, 20, 38, § 146:

    nomen ab illis,

    Ov. M. 4, 291:

    originem ab aliquo,

    to derive, deduce, Plin. 5, 24, 21, § 86; 6, 28, 32, § 157:

    scio ab isto initio tractum esse sermonem,

    i. e. has arisen, Cic. Brut. 6, 21: facetiae, quae multum ex vero traxere, drew, i. e. they were founded largely on truth, Tac. A. 15, 68; cf.:

    multum ex moribus (Sarmatarum) traxisse,

    id. G. 46, 2.—
    7.
    Of time, to protract, drag out, linger:

    afflictus vitam in tenebris luctuque trahebam,

    Verg. A. 2, 92; so,

    vitam,

    Phaedr. 3, 7, 12; 4, 5, 37; Plin. 28, 1, 2, § 9:

    traherent cum sera crepuscula noctem,

    was bringing on the night, Ov. M. 1, 219: verba, to drag, i. e. to utter with difficulty, Sil. 8, 79.—
    8.
    To draw out, in respect of time; to extend, prolong, lengthen; to protract, put off, delay, retard (cf.:

    prolato, extendo): sin trahitur bellum,

    Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2; cf. Liv. 5, 10, 7; Sall. J. 23, 2:

    trahere omnia,

    to interpose delays of all kinds, id. ib. 36, 2; Ov. M. 12, 584:

    pugnam aliquamdiu,

    Liv. 25, 15, 14:

    dum hoc naturae Corpus... manebit incolume, comitem aevi sui laudem Ciceronis trahet,

    Vell. 2, 66, 5:

    obsidionem in longius,

    Quint. 1, 10, 48; cf.:

    rem de industriā in serum,

    Liv. 32, 35, 4:

    omnia,

    id. 32, 36, 2:

    jurgiis trahere tempus,

    id. 32, 27, 1:

    tempus, Auct. B. Alex. 38, 2: moram ficto languore,

    Ov. M. 9, 767:

    (legati) querentes, trahi se a Caesare,

    that they were put off, delayed, Suet. Tib. 31 fin.; so,

    aliquem sermone, quousque, etc.,

    Val. Max. 4, 4, 1:

    Marius multis diebus et laboribus consumptis anxius trahere cum animo suo, omitteretne inceptum,

    Sall. J. 93, 1.—
    9.
    Rarely neutr., to drag along, to last, endure. si quis etiam in eo morbo diutius traxit, Cels. 2, 8 med.:

    decem annos traxit ista dominatio,

    Flor. 4, 2, 12.—Hence, tractus, a, um, P. a., drawn on, i. e. proceeding continuously, flowing, fluent, of language:

    genus orationis fusum atque tractum,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 15, 64:

    in his (contione et hortatione) tracta quaedam et fluens expetitur,

    id. Or. 20, 66.—
    B.
    Subst.: tractum, i, n., any thing drawn out at length.
    1.
    A flock of wool drawn out for spinning:

    tracta de niveo vellere dente,

    Tib. 1, 6, 80.—
    2.
    A long piece of dough pulled out in making pastry, Cato, R. R. 76, 1; 76, 4; Apic. 2, 1; 4, 3; 5, 1 al.—Called also tracta, ae, f., Plin. 18, 11, 27, § 106.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > traho

  • 3 -togi

    a, m. a leader; in her-togi, leið-togi; [cp. A. S. heretoga; Germ. her-zog.]
    II. [tog], carded wool, wool drawn into a hank, from which the thread is spun; esp. in the metaph. phrase, það er af þeim toga spunnið, ‘tis spun from that tow, of causes or motives.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > -togi

  • 4 κάταγμα

    κάταγμα (A), ατος, τό, ([etym.] κατάγω)
    A wool drawn or spun out, worsted, Pl.Plt. 282e; flock of wool, S.Tr. 695, Ar.Lys. 583, Philyll.22, Chor. p.92 B. [[pron. full] τᾰ by nature, Ammon.Diff.p.78 V.]
    ------------------------------------
    κάταγμα (B), ατος, τό, [dialect] Ion. [full] κάτηγμα, later [full] κατέαγμα (cf. κατάγνυμι),
    A fragment, BCH35.286 (Delos, ii B.C.); later

    μικρὰ κατεάγματα λίθου BGU647.13

     (ii A.D.); πλίνθων κατάγματα dub. cj. in Alc. 153.
    II breakage, PAmh.2.93.19 (ii A.D., in form - αίαγμα = -έαγμα); esp.
    2 Medic., fracture, Hp.Aph.5.22, Thphr.HP4.8.6, Sor.Fract.1, al., Gal.10.423;

    μελῶν Vett.Val.110.5

    . [[pron. full] τᾱ by nature, Ammon.Diff.p.78V.]:—hence [suff] καταγλωττ-αγματικός, ή, όν, liable to fracture, Vett.Val.110.23; but usu.
    2 of or for fracture,

    ἔμπλαστρος Asclep.

     ap. Gal.13.536;

    ἀγωγή Pall.

    in Hp.Fract.12.279C.;

    ἐπίδεσις Gal.18(2).441

    . Adv. - κῶς ib.536.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κάταγμα

  • 5 καταγμάτων

    κάταγμα
    wool drawn: neut gen pl

    Morphologia Graeca > καταγμάτων

  • 6 κατάγμασι

    κάταγμα
    wool drawn: neut dat pl

    Morphologia Graeca > κατάγμασι

  • 7 κατάγμασιν

    κάταγμα
    wool drawn: neut dat pl

    Morphologia Graeca > κατάγμασιν

  • 8 κατάγματα

    κάταγμα
    wool drawn: neut nom /voc /acc pl

    Morphologia Graeca > κατάγματα

  • 9 κατάγματι

    κάταγμα
    wool drawn: neut dat sg

    Morphologia Graeca > κατάγματι

  • 10 κατάγματος

    κάταγμα
    wool drawn: neut gen sg

    Morphologia Graeca > κατάγματος

  • 11 κάταγμα

    κάταγμα
    wool drawn: neut nom /voc /acc sg

    Morphologia Graeca > κάταγμα

  • 12 lopi

    a, m. carded wool drawn into a hank before being spun; cp. lyppa: medic. dropsical flesh, hor-lopi, q. v.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > lopi

  • 13 lyppa

    u, f. [lopi], wool drawn into a long hank before being spun. lyppu-lár, m. the chest in which the lyppa is kept.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > lyppa

  • 14 Jersey

    A close-fitting garment of knitted wool, drawn over the head, and worn by children and for sportswear.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Jersey

  • 15 tela

    f.
    1 fabric, material (tejido).
    tela asfáltica asphalt roofing/flooring
    tela metálica wire netting
    2 canvas (art) (lienzo).
    4 cloth, fabric, web.
    * * *
    1 (textil) material, fabric, cloth
    2 (de araña) cobweb
    4 (membrana) membrane
    5 ARTE (lienzo) canvas; (cuadro) painting
    7 familiar (asunto, tema) subject, matter
    \
    hay tela que cortar familiar there's plenty to be done
    tiene mucha tela familiar there's more to it than meets the eye, it's no mean feat
    tela marinera familiar long, drawn-out business
    ■ la venta de sus propiedades tiene tela marinera the sale of his property is going to be a long, drawn-out business
    tela metálica wire gauze
    * * *
    noun f.
    cloth, fabric, material, stuff
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=tejido) cloth, fabric; (=trozo) piece of cloth

    esta tela es muy resistente — this cloth o fabric is very strong

    2) (Arte) (=lienzo) canvas, painting
    3) [en líquido] skin
    4) (Anat) membrane
    5) (Bot) skin
    6) ** (=dinero) dough *, cash *

    sacudir o soltar la tela — to cough up *, fork out *

    7) And (=tortilla) thin maize pancake
    8) *
    (tb: tela marinera)

    el asunto tiene (mucha) tela o tiene tela (marinera) — it's a complicated matter, there's a lot to it

    -ya va por el quinto marido -¡tiene tela (marinera)! — "she's already on her fifth husband" - "that takes some beating!" *

    9) ** [enfático]

    tela de: es tela de guapa — she's dead o really gorgeous *

    * * *
    1) (Tex) ( material) material, fabric, cloth

    tela sintética — man-made o synthetic material

    allí hay (mucha) tela de donde or para cortar — there's plenty that could be said about that

    poner algo en tela de juicio — to call something into question

    tener tela (marinera) — (Esp fam) asunto to be tricky

    2) (Art) ( cuadro) canvas, painting
    3) ( membrana) skin, film
    * * *
    = cloth, material, fabric.
    Ex. But edition binding in leather was at least as early as edition binding in cloth.
    Ex. Cloth styles began to change in the 1920s with the introduction of plain uncalendered materials that made a virtue of showing the pattern of the weave.
    Ex. The use of fabric softener may however reduce the water absorption capabilities of the fabric, and is contraindicated in some articles like microfibre.
    ----
    * calandria para fabricar tela = cloth-maker's calender.
    * cerca de tela metálica = wire fence.
    * de tela = cloth.
    * edición en tela = hardcover edition, hardcover.
    * encuadernación en tela = cloth casing, cloth binding.
    * encuadernación en tela bordada = embroidered binding.
    * encuadernado en tela = cloth-bound, cloth-cased, cloth-covered.
    * papel de tela = rag paper.
    * pasta de tela = cloth case.
    * pasta en tela = cloth board.
    * poner en tela de juicio = throw + doubt on, contest.
    * preparar una tela = dress + cloth.
    * productos decorados con tela escocesa = tartanware.
    * sobre forro de tela = cloth-backed.
    * tela de algodón = calico, cotton fabric.
    * tela de cuadros = tweed.
    * tela de encuadernación = book-cloth, binding cloth.
    * tela de esmeril = emery cloth.
    * tela de felpa = terry cloth [terrycloth], towelling [toweling, -USA].
    * tela de piel de topo = moleskin.
    * tela de sábana = linen.
    * tela de saco = sacking, sackcloth.
    * tela de toalla = terry cloth [terrycloth], towelling [toweling, -USA].
    * tela escesa de cuadros = tartan.
    * tela escocesa = tartan.
    * tela metálica = wire mesh, woven wire, chicken wire, poultry netting, rabbit netting, mesh netting, wire netting.
    * tela metálica continua = machine wire.
    * tela típica escocesa = tartan.
    * tela típica escocesa de cuadros = tartan.
    * trozo de tela = strip of cloth.
    * valla de tela metálica = wire fence.
    * verja de tela metálica = wire fence.
    * * *
    1) (Tex) ( material) material, fabric, cloth

    tela sintética — man-made o synthetic material

    allí hay (mucha) tela de donde or para cortar — there's plenty that could be said about that

    poner algo en tela de juicio — to call something into question

    tener tela (marinera) — (Esp fam) asunto to be tricky

    2) (Art) ( cuadro) canvas, painting
    3) ( membrana) skin, film
    * * *
    = cloth, material, fabric.

    Ex: But edition binding in leather was at least as early as edition binding in cloth.

    Ex: Cloth styles began to change in the 1920s with the introduction of plain uncalendered materials that made a virtue of showing the pattern of the weave.
    Ex: The use of fabric softener may however reduce the water absorption capabilities of the fabric, and is contraindicated in some articles like microfibre.
    * calandria para fabricar tela = cloth-maker's calender.
    * cerca de tela metálica = wire fence.
    * de tela = cloth.
    * edición en tela = hardcover edition, hardcover.
    * encuadernación en tela = cloth casing, cloth binding.
    * encuadernación en tela bordada = embroidered binding.
    * encuadernado en tela = cloth-bound, cloth-cased, cloth-covered.
    * papel de tela = rag paper.
    * pasta de tela = cloth case.
    * pasta en tela = cloth board.
    * poner en tela de juicio = throw + doubt on, contest.
    * preparar una tela = dress + cloth.
    * productos decorados con tela escocesa = tartanware.
    * sobre forro de tela = cloth-backed.
    * tela de algodón = calico, cotton fabric.
    * tela de cuadros = tweed.
    * tela de encuadernación = book-cloth, binding cloth.
    * tela de esmeril = emery cloth.
    * tela de felpa = terry cloth [terrycloth], towelling [toweling, -USA].
    * tela de piel de topo = moleskin.
    * tela de sábana = linen.
    * tela de saco = sacking, sackcloth.
    * tela de toalla = terry cloth [terrycloth], towelling [toweling, -USA].
    * tela escesa de cuadros = tartan.
    * tela escocesa = tartan.
    * tela metálica = wire mesh, woven wire, chicken wire, poultry netting, rabbit netting, mesh netting, wire netting.
    * tela metálica continua = machine wire.
    * tela típica escocesa = tartan.
    * tela típica escocesa de cuadros = tartan.
    * trozo de tela = strip of cloth.
    * valla de tela metálica = wire fence.
    * verja de tela metálica = wire fence.

    * * *
    A ( Tex) (material) material, fabric, cloth; (trozo) piece of material o fabric o cloth
    tela de lana wool, wool fabric
    tela de algodón cotton, cotton fabric
    tela sintética man-made o synthetic material
    tela lisa/estampada plain/patterned material o fabric
    compré una tela de algodón para hacerme una falda I bought some cotton material o fabric to make myself a skirt
    ¿es de tela o de cuero? is it made out of fabric or leather?
    se necesitan 12 metros de tela you need 12 meters of fabric o material o cloth
    estaba cubierta con una tela blanca it was covered with a white cloth
    allí hay (mucha) tela de donde or para cortar there's plenty that could be said about that
    poner algo en tela de juicio to call sth into question, question sth
    tener tela (marinera) ( Esp fam): vamos a tener tela para rato we're going to have a lot of work on our hands
    este asunto tiene tela (marinera) this is a very tricky matter o business
    estos niños tienen tela these kids are a real handful ( colloq)
    Compuestos:
    ( Chi) adhesive tape
    spiderweb ( AmE), spider's web ( BrE)
    el desván estaba lleno de telas de araña the attic was full of cobwebs
    (Col, Méx) sackcloth
    sackcloth
    wire netting, wire mesh, wire gauze
    B ( Art) (cuadro) canvas, painting
    C (membrana) skin, film
    D ( Esp fam) (dinero) money, cash ( colloq)
    * * *

     

    tela sustantivo femenino
    1 (Tex) ( material) material, fabric;

    tela de araña See Also→ telaraña;
    tela metálica wire mesh
    2 (Art) ( cuadro) canvas, painting
    3 ( membrana) skin, film
    tela sustantivo femenino
    1 Tex cloth
    (en sastrería, tapicería) fabric: he comprado la tela para hacer las cortinas, I've bought the material for the curtains
    tela metálica, wire mesh
    2 Arte canvas
    3 fam (dinero, pasta) dough
    3 fig (trabajo o asunto pendiente) job: tengo tela para rato, I've still got a lot of work to do
    4 fam (dificultad) convencerle tenía tela, it was a hard job to convince him
    ♦ Locuciones: familiar hay tela (marinera), it's a tricky business
    figurado tiene mucha tela, it's not an easy thing
    poner en tela de juicio, to question
    La traducción más común es cloth y se refiere de forma genérica al material del que están hechas las cosas. Material y fabric se aplican a las telas usadas en sastrería y tapicería. Fabric es una palabra más técnica y a menudo describe una tela de distintos colores. Como tela, cloth es incontable, mientras que fabric y material pueden ser tanto incontables como contables.
    ' tela' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    acolchar
    - acolchada
    - acolchado
    - arruga
    - arrugar
    - arrugarse
    - brillo
    - caída
    - chaleco
    - cuadro
    - destrozar
    - estampar
    - estampada
    - estampado
    - fina
    - fino
    - franja
    - hilo
    - jirón
    - lunar
    - moteada
    - moteado
    - pliegue
    - pudrirse
    - rajarse
    - rasgar
    - reseca
    - reseco
    - retazo
    - rollo
    - romper
    - sobrar
    - tacto
    - talego
    - tejido
    - tira
    - transparencia
    - tupida
    - tupido
    - aguantador
    - áspero
    - bayeta
    - brazalete
    - brillante
    - burdo
    - calado
    - cáñamo
    - chatel
    - contrapelo
    - corte
    English:
    armband
    - band
    - break
    - close
    - cloth
    - coarse
    - denim
    - dingy
    - drape
    - duct tape
    - fabric
    - fine
    - fluffy
    - fray
    - give
    - heavy
    - impress
    - imprint
    - length
    - linen
    - mangy
    - material
    - mohair
    - pattern
    - plain
    - polka dot
    - quilting
    - rich
    - roll
    - rough
    - scratch
    - sheer
    - shred
    - shrink
    - shrinkage
    - smooth out
    - snag
    - split
    - spot
    - spotted
    - stiff
    - stiffen
    - stretch
    - tartan
    - tear
    - thick
    - tough
    - tweed
    - waterproof
    - wear
    * * *
    ♦ nf
    1. [tejido] fabric, material;
    [retal] piece of material;
    tela estampada/lisa printed/plain material o fabric;
    está hecho de una tela ligera it's made out of a light fabric;
    le pusieron una tela encima they covered it with some cloth;
    una funda de tela a fabric cover;
    un libro encuadernado en tela a clothbound book;
    haber mucha tela que cortar: hay mucha tela que cortar en relación con esto there's plenty that could be said about this;
    poner algo en tela de juicio to call sth into question
    Am tela adhesiva (sticking) plaster;
    tela de araña spider's web, cobweb;
    tela asfáltica asphalt roofing/flooring;
    Méx tela de costal sackcloth; RP tela esponja towelling;
    tela metálica wire netting;
    tela de saco sackcloth;
    tela tejana denim;
    2. [lienzo, pintura] canvas
    3. Fam [dinero] dough;
    costó mucha tela it cost a bundle o Br a packet
    4. Fam [cosa complicada]
    el examen era tela the exam was really tricky;
    tener (mucha) tela [ser difícil] to be (very) tricky;
    hay tela (para rato) [trabajo] there's no shortage of things to do;
    ¡fue tela marinera! it was a nightmare!
    5. Fam [para enfatizar]
    ser tela de fácil to be a piece of cake, Br to be dead easy;
    es tela de guapa she's really gorgeous
    ♦ adv
    Esp Fam [muchísimo]
    me gusta tela I really love it
    * * *
    f fabric, material;
    poner en tela de juicio call into question;
    hay tela para rato fam there’s a lot to be done;
    tener tela (marinera) fam be tricky fam, be tough fam ;
    hay mucha tela que cortar fam there’s plenty that could be said on the subject
    * * *
    tela nf
    1) : fabric, cloth, material
    2)
    tela de araña : spiderweb
    3)
    poner en tela de juicio : to call into question, to doubt
    * * *
    tela n
    1. (tejido) material / cloth / fabric
    2. (lienzo) canvas
    tela de araña spider's web / cobweb

    Spanish-English dictionary > tela

  • 16 die

    I best. Art.
    1. (Nom. Sg.) the; die eine ist fleißig, die andere faul the one is hard-working, the other (one) is lazy; die Frau (alle Frauen) woman(kind); die Erde earth; die Königin Elisabeth Queen Elizabeth; die Königstraße the King’s Road; die Chemie chemistry; die kleine Maria little Maria; die Maria, die ich meine the Maria (who) I mean
    2. (Akk Sg.) the; die Regel kennen know the rule
    3. (Nom. Pl. von der, die, das) the; die Menschen sind sterblich man(kind) is (but) mortal
    4. (Akk Pl. von der, die, das) the; die Bücher lesen read the books
    II Dem. Pron.
    1. (Nom. Sg.) that (one), this (one); she; die Frau hier this woman; die mit dem Hut the one with the hat; nur die kann das verstehen, die... only she ( oder that woman) who... can understand; die und baden gehen? you won’t catch her going swimming; die und ehrlich? Dass ich nicht lache! her - honest? Pull the other one! (Am. Give me a break!); die Frage ist die:... the question is (this):...
    2. (Akk Sg.) that (one), this (one); er hat die und die Lösung probiert umg. he tried this and that solution
    3. (Nom. Pl. von der, die, das) these, those, they, them; das entscheiden die da oben umg. that is decided by them up top
    4. (Akk Pl. von der, die, das) these, those, they, them
    III Rel. Pron.
    1. (Nom. Sg.) bei Personen: who; bei Sachen: which, that; sie war die Erste, die es erfuhr she was the first to know; jede, die... anyone who...; ich, die ich selbst dabei war I, who was there myself
    2. (Akk Sg.) bei Personen: who(m förm.), that; bei Sachen: which, that
    3. (Nom. Pl. von der, die, das) bei Personen: who, that; bei Sachen: which, that; die Blumen, die blühen the flowers that are blooming ( oder in bloom)
    4. (Akk Pl. von der, die, das) bei Personen: who, that, whom förm.; bei Sachen: which, that; die Blumen, die ich gepflückt habe the flowers (that) I picked
    * * *
    the (ArtikelSing.); the (ArtikelPl.)
    * * *
    [diː] [diː] See: → der
    * * *
    die1
    [di:]
    I. art def, nom und akk sing f
    1. (allgemein) the
    \die Mutter/Pflanze/Theorie the mother/plant/theory
    durch \die Luft/Menge/Tür through the air/crowd/door
    2. (bei Körperteilen)
    ihr blutet \die Nase her nose is bleeding
    sich dat \die Hand verletzen to injure one's hand
    \die Demokratie/Geschichte/Kunst democracy/history/art
    \die Hoffnung/Liebe/Verzweiflung hope/love/desperation
    \die Bronze/Wolle bronze/wool; (bei spezifischen Stoffen) the
    \die Wolle dieses Schafs the wool from this sheep
    \die Frau des Jahres the woman of the year
    das ist \die Idee! that's just the idea we've been looking for!
    \die Donau the Danube
    \die Franzstraße Franzstraße
    \die Schweiz/Türkei Switzerland/Turkey
    \die Schweiz der Zwischenkriegszeit interwar Switzerland
    \die ‚Alinghi‘ gewann 2003 den America's Cup the ‘Alinghi’ won the 2003 America's Cup
    \die junge Bettina young Bettina
    \die frühere Blyton the earlier Blyton
    sie war nicht mehr \die Martina, die... she was no longer the Martina who...
    ich bin \die Susi I'm Susi
    hast du \die Mutti gesehen? have you seen [my] mum?
    \die Callas/Knef/Piaf Callas/Knef/Piaf
    \die Frau in der Gesellschaft women in society
    als \die Dampfmaschine Europa eroberte when the steam engine took Europe by storm
    10. (nach Angaben)
    20 Kilogramm \die Kiste 20 kilograms a [or per] crate
    11. (vor Angaben)
    Elisabeth \die Erste Elizabeth the First
    12. (vor Substantiviertem)
    \die Hübsche the pretty girl/one
    \die Älteste/Jüngste the oldest/youngest [one]
    \die Arme! the poor girl/woman [or thing]!
    II. pron dem, nom und akk sing f
    1. attr, betont
    \die Frau war es! it was that woman!
    \die Halskette will ich kaufen I want to buy this/that necklace
    \die Marke da that brand [there]
    \die Marke hier this brand [here]
    um \die und \die Zeit at such and such a time; s.a. das, der
    \die war es! it was her!
    \die hat es getan! it was her that [or who] did it!
    \die sagte mir,... she told me...
    welche Tür? \die da? oder \die hier? which door? that one [there]? or this one [here]?
    wer ist denn \die [da]? (fam) who on earth is she [or that]?
    \die und joggen? her, jogging?
    \die und \die such and such
    \die mit dem Hund the one [or fam her] with the dog
    welche Pfanne? — \die mit dem Deckel which pan? — the/this/that one with the lid
    ach \die! (pej) oh her!
    die Chefin? \die ist nicht da the boss? she's not there
    deine Tochter, \die ist nicht gekommen your daughter, she didn't come
    meine Brosche! \die ist weg! my brooch! it's gone!
    die dumme Gans, \die! the silly goose!
    die Geschichte ist \die:... the story is as follows:...
    \die, die ich meinte the one I meant
    wo ist deine Schwester? — \die kommt gleich where's your sister? — she'll be here soon
    eine gute Frage! aber wie können wir \die beantworten? a good question! but how can we answer it?
    willst du meine Katze streichen? — kratzt \die? do you want to stroke my cat? — does it/he/she scratch?
    III. pron rel, nom und akk sing f
    1. that; (Person a.) who/whom form; (Gegenstand, Tier a.) which
    eine Geschichte, \die Millionen gelesen haben [o von Millionen gelesen wurde] a story [that has been] read by millions [or [that] millions have read]
    ich sah eine Wolke, \die hinter dem Berg verschwand I saw a cloud disappear behind the mountain
    eine Show, \die gut ankommt a much-acclaimed show
    die Königin, \die vierzig Jahre herrschte,... (einschränkend) the queen who [or that] reigned for forty years...; (nicht einschränkend) the queen, who reigned for forty years,...
    die Liste, \die ich gestern erstellt hatte,... (einschränkend) the list that [or which] I had drawn up yesterday...; (nicht einschränkend) the list, which I had drawn up yesterday,...
    die Mörderin, \die von der Polizei gesucht wird,... (einschränkend) the murderess [who [or that]] the police are searching for..., the murderess for whom the police are searching... form; (nicht einschränkend) the murderess, who the police are searching for,..., the murderess, for whom the police are searching,... form
    die verbrecherische Tat, \die von den Ermittlern untersucht werden soll,... (einschränkend) the crime [that [or which]] the investigators have to look into..., the crime into which the investigators have to look... form; (nicht einschränkend) the crime, which the investigators have to look into,..., the crime, into which the investigators have to look,... form
    \die mir jetzt hilft, wird belohnt anyone helping [or form she who helps] me now will be rewarded
    \die diesen Brief geschrieben hat, kann gut Deutsch the person/woman who wrote this letter knows good German
    \die zu so etwas fähig ist,... people who are capable of such things...
    die2
    I. art def, nom und akk pl
    \die Männer/Mütter/Pferde the men/mothers/horses
    durch \die Flüsse/Türen/Wälder through the rivers/doors/woods
    \die Engländer/Franzosen/Spanier the English/French/Spanish pl
    mir tun \die Füße weh my feet are aching
    sich dat \die Haare schneiden to cut one's hair
    \die Everglades/Niederlande the Everglades/Netherlands
    das sind \die Werners these/those are the Werners
    kennen Sie \die Grübers? do you know the Grübers?
    \die Bäume geben Sauerstoff ab trees give off oxygen
    \die Auserwählten the chosen ones
    \die Besten the best [ones]
    \die Toten the dead pl
    II. pron dem, nom und akk pl
    1. attr, betont
    \die zwei Männer waren es! it was those two men!
    \die Schuhe trage ich nie mehr! I won't be wearing these/those shoes [or these/those shoes I won't be wearing] any more!
    \die Ohrringe da those earrings [there]
    \die Ohrringe hier these earrings [here]
    \die waren es! it was them!
    \die haben es getan! it was them that [or who] did it!
    \die sagten mir,... they told me...
    \die da oben the high-ups fam
    welche Bücher? \die da? oder \die hier? which books? those [ones] [there]? or these [ones] [here]?
    wer sind denn \die [da]? (fam) who on earth are they?
    \die und joggen? them, jogging?
    \die und \die such and such
    \die in dem Auto the ones [or fam them] in the car
    welche Zettel? — \die auf dem Tisch which notes? — the ones/these [ones]/those [ones] on the table
    ach \die! (pej) oh them!
    die Schmidts? \die sind nicht da the Schmidts? they're not there
    deine Eltern, wo sind \die? your parents, where are they?
    meine Socken! \die sind weg! my socks! they're gone!
    die Scheißkerle, \die! the bastards!
    die Gründe sind \die:... the reasons are as follows:...
    \die, die ich meinte the ones I meant
    was machen deine Brüder? — \die arbeiten what do your brothers do? — they work
    gute Fragen! aber wie können wir \die beantworten? good questions! but how can we answer them?
    habe ich dir meine Hamster gezeigt? — wo sind \die? have I shown you my hamsters? — where are they?
    III. pron rel, nom und akk pl
    1. that; (Person a.) who/whom form; (Gegenstand, Tier a.) which
    Geschichten, \die Millionen gelesen haben [o von Millionen gelesen wurden] stories [that have been] read by millions [or [that] millions have read]
    ich sah zwei Autos, \die um die Ecke fuhren I saw two cars driving around the corner
    Taten, \die gut ankommen much-acclaimed deeds
    die Abgeordneten, \die dagegenstimmten,... (einschränkend) the MPs who [or that] voted against...; (nicht einschränkend) the MPs, who voted against,...
    die Möbel, \die wir morgen liefern müssen,... (einschränkend) the furniture that [or which] we have to deliver tomorrow...; (nicht einschränkend) the furniture, which we have to deliver tomorrow,...
    die Bankräuber, \die von der Polizei gesucht werden,... (einschränkend) the bank robbers [who [or that]] the police are searching for..., the bank robbers for whom the police are searching... form; (nicht einschränkend) the bank robbers, who the police are searching for,..., the bank robbers, for whom the police are searching,... form
    die Verbrechen, \die von den Ermittlern untersucht werden sollen,... (einschränkend) the crimes [that [or which]] the investigators have to look into..., the crimes into which the investigators have to look... form; (nicht einschränkend) the crimes, which the investigators have to look into,..., the crimes, into which the investigators have to look,... form
    \die diese Stadt gebaut haben, verdienen einen Platz in der Geschichte the people/men/women [or form those] who built this town deserve a place in history; s.a. das, der
    * * *
    I 1.
    bestimmter Artikel Nom. the

    die Liebe/Freundschaft — love/friendship

    die ‘Iphigenie’/ (ugs.) Helga — ‘Iphigenia’/Helga

    die Frau/Menschheit — women pl./mankind

    die ‘Concorde’/‘Klaus Störtebeker’ — ‘Concorde’/the ‘Klaus Störtebeker’

    die Kunst/Oper — art/opera

    2.
    1) attr

    die und arbeiten! — (ugs.) [what,] her work!

    die mit dem Hund — (ugs.) her with the dog

    die [da] — (Frau, Mädchen) that woman/girl; (Gegenstand, Tier) that one

    die blöd[e] Kuh, die! — (fig. salopp) what a silly cow! (sl. derog.)

    3.
    Relativpronomen Nom. (Mensch) who; that; (Sache, Tier) which; that

    die Frau, die da drüben entlanggeht — the woman walking along over there

    4.
    Relativ- und Demonstrativpronomen the one who

    die das getan hat — the woman etc. who did it

    II 1.
    bestimmter Artikel
    1) Akk. Sg. v. die I 1: the

    hast du die Ute gesehen? — (ugs.) have you seen Ute?

    2) Nom. u. Akk. Pl. v. der I 1., die I 1., das 1.: the
    2.
    Demonstrativpronomen Nom. u. Akk. Pl. v. der I 1., die I 1., das 1.: attr

    ich meine die Männer, die gestern hier waren — 1 mean those men who were here yesterday; allein stehend

    ich meine die [da] — 1 mean 'them

    3.
    1) Akk. Sg. v. die I 3.: (bei Menschen) who; that; (bei Sachen, Tieren) which; that
    2) Nom. u. Akk. Pl. v. der I 3., die I 3., das 3.: (bei Menschen) whom

    die Männer, die ich gesehen habe — the men 1 saw; (bei Sachen, Tieren) which

    die Bücher, die da liegen — the books lying there

    * * *
    A. best art
    1. (nom sg) the;
    die eine ist fleißig, die andere faul the one is hard-working, the other (one) is lazy;
    die Frau (alle Frauen) woman(kind);
    die Erde earth;
    die Königin Elisabeth Queen Elizabeth;
    die Königstraße the King’s Road;
    die Chemie chemistry;
    die kleine Maria little Maria;
    die Maria, die ich meine the Maria (who) I mean
    2. (akk sg) the;
    die Regel kennen know the rule
    3. (nom pl von der, die, das) the;
    die Menschen sind sterblich man(kind) is (but) mortal
    4. (akk pl von der, die, das) the;
    die Bücher lesen read the books
    B. dem pr
    1. (nom sg) that (one), this (one); she;
    die Frau hier this woman;
    die mit dem Hut the one with the hat;
    nur die kann das verstehen, die … only she ( oder that woman) who … can understand;
    die und baden gehen? you won’t catch her going swimming;
    die und ehrlich? Dass ich nicht lache! her - honest? Pull the other one! (US Give me a break!);
    die Frage ist die: … the question is (this): …
    2. (akk sg) that (one), this (one);
    er hat die und die Lösung probiert umg he tried this and that solution
    3. (nom pl von der, die, das) these, those, they, them;
    das entscheiden die da oben umg that is decided by them up top
    4. (akk pl von der, die, das) these, those, they, them
    C. rel pr
    1. (nom sg) bei Personen: who; bei Sachen: which, that;
    sie war die Erste, die es erfuhr she was the first to know;
    jede, die … anyone who …;
    ich, die ich selbst dabei war I, who was there myself
    2. (akk sg) bei Personen: who(m form), that; bei Sachen: which, that
    3. (nom pl von der, die, das) bei Personen: who, that; bei Sachen: which, that;
    die Blumen, die blühen the flowers that are blooming ( oder in bloom)
    4. (akk pl von der, die, das) bei Personen: who, that, whom form; bei Sachen: which, that;
    die Blumen, die ich gepflückt habe the flowers (that) I picked
    * * *
    I 1.
    bestimmter Artikel Nom. the

    die Liebe/Freundschaft — love/friendship

    die ‘Iphigenie’/ (ugs.) Helga — ‘Iphigenia’/Helga

    die Frau/Menschheit — women pl./mankind

    die ‘Concorde’/‘Klaus Störtebeker’ — ‘Concorde’/the ‘Klaus Störtebeker’

    die Kunst/Oper — art/opera

    2.
    1) attr

    die und arbeiten! — (ugs.) [what,] her work!

    die mit dem Hund — (ugs.) her with the dog

    die [da] — (Frau, Mädchen) that woman/girl; (Gegenstand, Tier) that one

    die blöde Kuh, die! — (fig. salopp) what a silly cow! (sl. derog.)

    3.
    Relativpronomen Nom. (Mensch) who; that; (Sache, Tier) which; that

    die Frau, die da drüben entlanggeht — the woman walking along over there

    4.
    Relativ- und Demonstrativpronomen the one who

    die das getan hat — the woman etc. who did it

    II 1.
    bestimmter Artikel
    1) Akk. Sg. v. die I 1: the

    hast du die Ute gesehen? — (ugs.) have you seen Ute?

    2) Nom. u. Akk. Pl. v. der I 1., die I 1., das 1.: the
    2.
    Demonstrativpronomen Nom. u. Akk. Pl. v. der I 1., die I 1., das 1.: attr

    ich meine die Männer, die gestern hier waren — 1 mean those men who were here yesterday; allein stehend

    ich meine die [da] — 1 mean 'them

    3.
    1) Akk. Sg. v. die I 3.: (bei Menschen) who; that; (bei Sachen, Tieren) which; that
    2) Nom. u. Akk. Pl. v. der I 3., die I 3., das 3.: (bei Menschen) whom

    die Männer, die ich gesehen habe — the men 1 saw; (bei Sachen, Tieren) which

    die Bücher, die da liegen — the books lying there

    * * *
    art.f.
    the art. pron.
    which pron.
    who pron.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > die

  • 17 Fairbairn, Sir Peter

    SUBJECT AREA: Textiles
    [br]
    b. September 1799 Kelso, Roxburghshire, Scotland
    d. 4 January 1861 Leeds, Yorkshire, England
    [br]
    British inventor of the revolving tube between drafting rollers to give false twist.
    [br]
    Born of Scottish parents, Fairbairn was apprenticed at the age of 14 to John Casson, a mill-wright and engineer at the Percy Main Colliery, Newcastle upon Tyne, and remained there until 1821 when he went to work for his brother William in Manchester. After going to various other places, including Messrs Rennie in London and on the European continent, he eventually moved in 1829 to Leeds where Marshall helped him set up the Wellington Foundry and so laid the foundations for the colossal establishment which was to employ over one thousand workers. To begin with he devoted his attention to improving wool-weaving machinery, substituting iron for wood in the construction of the textile machines. He also worked on machinery for flax, incorporating many of Philippe de Girard's ideas. He assisted Henry Houldsworth in the application of the differential to roving frames, and it was to these machines that he added his own inventions. The longer fibres of wool and flax need to have some form of support and control between the rollers when they are being drawn out, and inserting a little twist helps. However, if the roving is too tightly twisted before passing through the first pair of rollers, it cannot be drawn out, while if there is insufficient twist, the fibres do not receive enough support in the drafting zone. One solution is to twist the fibres together while they are actually in the drafting zone between the rollers. In 1834, Fairbairn patented an arrangement consisting of a revolving tube placed between the drawing rollers. The tube inserted a "middle" or "false" twist in the material. As stated in the specification, it was "a well-known contrivance… for twisting and untwisting any roving passing through it". It had been used earlier in 1822 by J. Goulding of the USA and a similar idea had been developed by C.Danforth in America and patented in Britain in 1825 by J.C. Dyer. Fairbairn's machine, however, was said to make a very superior article. He was also involved with waste-silk spinning and rope-yarn machinery.
    Fairbairn later began constructing machine tools, and at the beginning of the Crimean War was asked by the Government to make special tools for the manufacture of armaments. He supplied some of these, such as cannon rifling machines, to the arsenals at Woolwich and Enfield. He then made a considerable number of tools for the manufacture of the Armstrong gun. He was involved in the life of his adopted city and was elected to Leeds town council in 1832 for ten years. He was elected an alderman in 1854 and was Mayor of Leeds from 1857 to 1859, when he was knighted by Queen Victoria at the opening of the new town hall. He was twice married, first to Margaret Kennedy and then to Rachel Anne Brindling.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Knighted 1858.
    Bibliography
    1834, British patent no. 6,741 (revolving tube between drafting rollers to give false twist).
    Further Reading
    Dictionary of National Biography.
    Obituary, 1861, Engineer 11.
    W.English, 1969, The Textile Industry, London (provides a brief account of Fairbairn's revolving tube).
    C.Singer (ed.), 1958, A History of Technology, Vols IV and V, Oxford: Clarendon Press (provides details of Fairbairn's silk-dressing machine and a picture of a large planing machine built by him).
    RLH

    Biographical history of technology > Fairbairn, Sir Peter

  • 18 Pennington, William

    SUBJECT AREA: Textiles
    [br]
    ft. 1750 England
    [br]
    English patentee of a machine for making holes in the leather backing used for card clothing.
    [br]
    Prior to the spinning process, the raw cotton or wool must be prepared. One stage of the preparation is carding, in which the mass of fibres is drawn out and disentangled before being rolled up into a sliver or rollrag. At first natural teazels were mounted on boards. The wool was caught round their hooks and pulled out as the hand cards were drawn across each other. It is not known when iron wire hooks inserted through a leather backing were substituted for teazels, but in 1750 William Pennington took out a patent, for a machine to make the holes in the leather backing so that the bent wires could be inserted more easily and more regularly. Soon after this a machine for making the complete card clothing was made by Robert Kay.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1750, British patent no. 657.
    Further Reading
    R.L.Hills, 1970, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester (includes a brief account of the development of card-clothing machines).
    RLH

    Biographical history of technology > Pennington, William

  • 19 Draft

    See Drawing (Spinning) ———————— The order of drawing-in the warp threads through the eyes of the healds for weaving. The general principle is that those threads that work alike are drawn on the same stave. To avoid crowding the healds, those for weaving plain fabrics, poplins, etc., often have the ends drawn on four or six heald staves. It is a feature of weaving by healds, particularly those operated by dobbies, that very large and intricate patterns can be woven on 16 staves or less. Some drafts are so simple that they are known in the trade by name as those illustrated. Straight Over, shown at SO, in which one thread only is drawn on each stave consecutively from front to back. Skip Shaft, shown at SS, in which the threads are drawn on four staves instead of two, staves 1 and 2, and 3 and 4, being tied together to permit their operation by plain weave tappets. Point Draft, shown at P, where the first part of the draft is straight over from front to back and then returns from back to front. Double Point Draft, shown at DP, where the draft is straight over twice and from back to front twice. Broken Drafts are those not capable of being reduced to any simple regular order. See also Design, Draft and Lifting Plan. ———————— A fine, all-wool, warp ribbed cloth; used in churches during the 18th and 19th century on the Continent.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Draft

  • 20 Viscose Staple Fibre

    This is produced in exactly the same way as continuous filament viscose up to the point of spinning. Instead of making a separate thread at each spinneret, the filaments from all spinnerets on a frame are drawn together into a rope which runs into a cutter which chops the filaments into a definite staple length varying from 17/16 -in. for mixing with cotton or spinning on cotton machinery, up to 2-in. to 8-in. for mixing with wool or for spinning on wool machinery. Viscose staple fibre is also produced in various filament deniers such as 1.5 denier equivalent to cotton fibre thickness, or 3 and 4.5 filament denier equivalent to wool qualities.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Viscose Staple Fibre

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